Comorbidities associated with delayed resolution of pneumonia

1. COPD
Impaired cough and mucociliary clearance
2. Alcoholism
Aspiration, malnutrition, impaired neutrophil function
3. Neurologic disease
Aspiration, impaired clearance of secretions and cough
4. Heart Failure
Edema fluid, impaired lymphatic drainage
5. Chronic Kidney disease
hypocomlementaemia, impaired macrophage and neutrophil function, reduced humoral immunity
6. Malignancy
Impaired immune function, altered colonization, effects of chemotherapy
7. HIV
Impaired cell mediated and humoral immunity
8. Diabetes Mellitus
Impaired neutrophil function and cell mediated immunity